{"id":282,"date":"2024-10-20T13:49:42","date_gmt":"2024-10-20T13:49:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/thekrios.com\/?p=282"},"modified":"2024-10-20T21:35:32","modified_gmt":"2024-10-20T21:35:32","slug":"timeline-of-events-in-the-founding-of-sierra-leone","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/thekrios.com\/?p=282","title":{"rendered":"Timeline of Events in the Founding of Sierra Leone"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Mid-15th Century:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Portuguese explorers, including Pedro da Sintra, arrive on the \u201cUpper Guinea Coast,\u201d naming the area Serra Lyoa after its mountains.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Portuguese establish trading posts and engage in trade for slaves, ivory, and gold.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Cultural exchange and intermarriage between Portuguese traders and natives leads to a significant Afro-Portuguese community.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Early to Mid-17th Century:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The British arrive and begin establishing a presence alongside the Portuguese.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Both British and Portuguese engage in the slave trade.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u201cMulattoes\u201d or mixed-race individuals gain power within the existing social structure.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Late 18th Century (1770s-1790s):<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>1771:<\/strong> Henry Smeathman, a British abolitionist, proposes a free settlement for freed slaves in Sierra Leone.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>1787:<\/strong> Granville Sharp, another philanthropist, establishes the \u201cProvince of Freedom\u201d in Sierra Leone, settling freed slaves from London.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>1787:<\/strong> Captain Thompson purchases land from local Temne chief King Tom for the settlement, which becomes Granville Town (part of modern-day Freetown).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>1792:<\/strong> Over 1,100 \u201cNova Scotians\u201d arrive in Sierra Leone. John Clarkson of the Royal Navy becomes the first Governor.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>September 1794:<\/strong> The French destroy Freetown. Survivors rebuild the settlement.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Early 19th Century (1800-1820s):<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>1800:<\/strong> 550 \u201cMaroons\u201d originally destined for the Banana Islands are settled in Sierra Leone to quell a local rebellion.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>1807:<\/strong> Britain officially abolishes the slave trade.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>1808-1864:<\/strong> Large numbers of \u201cLiberated Africans\u201d or \u201cRecaptives\u201d are brought to Freetown by the British Navy after being freed from slave ships. These recaptives come from a wide variety of regions and ethnicities.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>1820s:<\/strong> A significant influx of Yoruba people begins, likely due to the Yoruba Wars.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Late 19th Century:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Sierra Leone continues to grow, with Freetown becoming a significant trading center.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Krio language and culture develop as the diverse communities in Sierra Leone interact and blend.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>20th Century:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>1961:<\/strong> Sierra Leone gains independence.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Cast of Characters<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Pedro da Sintra:<\/strong> Portuguese explorer who landed on the \u201cUpper Guinea Coast\u201d in the mid-15th century, naming the area Serra Lyoa.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Henry Smeathman:<\/strong> British abolitionist who proposed a free settlement for freed slaves in Sierra Leone in 1771. Died before seeing his vision realised.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Granville Sharp:<\/strong> British philanthropist and abolitionist who founded the \u201cProvince of Freedom\u201d in Sierra Leone in 1787.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Captain Thompson:<\/strong> British individual who purchased land from the Temne chief King Tom for the \u201cProvince of Freedom\u201d settlement.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>King Tom:<\/strong> Temne chief who sold land to Captain Thompson for the settlement that became Granville Town (part of modern-day Freetown).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>John Clarkson:<\/strong> Officer in the British Royal Navy who became the first Governor of Sierra Leone in 1792.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Groups:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Portuguese Traders:<\/strong> Individuals involved in establishing early trade relations and communities in Sierra Leone. They contributed to the growth of the Afro-Portuguese community through intermarriage and cultural exchange.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>British Traders and Pirates:<\/strong> Later arrivals who also contributed to the multi-ethnic makeup of early Sierra Leone. They were also involved in the slave trade.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u201cMulattoes\u201d:<\/strong> Mixed-race individuals who emerged from relationships between Europeans and native populations. They held a significant amount of power within the social structure.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Freed Slaves from London:<\/strong> Initial group brought by Granville Sharp to establish the \u201cProvince of Freedom\u201d in 1787.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u201cNova Scotians\u201d:<\/strong> Group of formerly enslaved people who settled in Sierra Leone in 1791 and 1792 after facing discrimination in Nova Scotia, Canada.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u201cLiberated Africans\u201d or \u201cRecaptives\u201d:<\/strong> Africans rescued from slave ships by the British Navy and settled in Freetown from 1808 to 1864. They represented a diverse group of ethnicities and origins, contributing significantly to the development of Krio culture.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Yoruba People:<\/strong> West African ethnic group who began settling in Sierra Leone in larger numbers in the 1820s, likely driven by the Yoruba Wars. They played a major role in the development of the Krio culture and language.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Mid-15th Century: Early to Mid-17th Century: Late 18th Century (1770s-1790s): Early 19th Century (1800-1820s): Late 19th Century: 20th Century: Cast of Characters Groups:<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-282","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-culture","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/thekrios.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/282","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/thekrios.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/thekrios.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thekrios.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thekrios.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=282"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/thekrios.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/282\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":286,"href":"https:\/\/thekrios.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/282\/revisions\/286"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/thekrios.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=282"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thekrios.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=282"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thekrios.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=282"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}